In China, the number of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) accounts for 99% of the total number of enterprises, providing more than 80% of urban job opportunities and contributing about 60% of China's GDP.

In recent years, the haze weather occurring in most places of China has drawn extensive public attention, becoming a hot environmental issue for the present time.

The carbon emissions of an economy depend on three factors: total GDP, the amount of energy consumed per unit of GDP, and the carbon emissions generated per unit of energy consumption.

Globalization has further strengthened interdependence between various countries through economic development.