The civil-military integration (CMI) finds its expression not only in technology and products, but also in the change of industrial organization.
China’s innovation policies have made positive headway but are still facing some problems.
"Demand-orientation" in basic research focuses its emphasis on solving economic and social problems instead of exploring new knowledge as the foremost goal.
The attribute of basic research as a kind of public goods determines that the central government should undertake the major function of funding.